Guest Post: Wax Work

anatomic_masterpieceI took my place at the gray table in the gray, poorly-lit room, meeting the gaze of the eyeless skull staked upright before me. A stiff rectangular block of white wax was my only material, and a simple metal implement, sharp like a scalpel on one end and rounded like a spoon on the other, my only tool—other than my own hands and head, once full of vertebrate anatomy knowledge, now less so. To my right, another student, a painter, ripped wax from his block and manipulated it. My weak hands couldn’t get a grip.

Our teacher, Eleanor Crook, an internationally-known fine artist trained in forensic reconstruction, told us to first create the temporalis muscle on one side of the skull, a plaster replica of a real human’s. The muscle is seashell shaped, she explained, fibers radiating upward from near the ear. You can feel this muscle work, if you put your hand on it while opening and closing your jaw.

Continue reading

On Being Alone

solo-campSomething about the way a river trip starts. Gear gets thrown in, arranged, tied down, and when the current picks up and carries you downstream, your sense of time and distance immediately changes. Connection to the other 7 billion or so people on the planet loosens, and connection to something bigger, and in ways smaller, more intimate, takes hold.

Last week I was on the Green River where it flows through the canyonlands of southeast Utah. For five days I paddled a canoe, which I prefer as a craft, a simple vessel, no frame or pump, no cockpit into which you must burrow, the lower half of your body truncated at the hips. When the current took me, I was alone. I came without a group, no one to call for help, no one to call at all.

Alone, every breath and movement becomes conversation. Every spin of the water, every slow step of cliffs has something to say. Continue reading

Bug On My Airplane Window

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I love seeing bugs on windows, for reasons I’ve never fully worked out. I’ve even written about it before on this blog.

Normally those bugs are on the outside of the window and I’m on the inside. That’s how I prefer it. I think the bugs prefer it that way, too. They are out in the world, taking a pause from their busy lives of flight on a nice smooth piece of glass; I am inside, unable to swat them. I generally don’t swat bugs. I have a soft spot for bugs. (Notable exception.)

This June that usual relationship changed, though. I was inside an airplane, and so was a bug. Continue reading

The Last Word

the_jack_pine_by_tom_thomsonSeptember 19 – 23, 2016

You know the charming idea of effortless art, that you get in the mood and a couple hours later, you’ve magically got an incisive and elegant story or post or podcast? That idea always has been purest nonsense but it also, Rose says, gets in the way of being paid.

You know how, when you’re holding a hammer the whole world looks like a nail? Which, fine, things need nailing.  The problem is, Christie reminds us, that research shows the same thing applies when you’re holding a gun.

You know how sad it is to lose something you like, how nice it would be if everything just had a little geotag so you could find it again?  Cameron geotagged a shark named Pablo; a ship named El Faro was geotagged; and they still got lost and it was still sad.

You know how if two towns have the same mosquitoes, you’d expect that they should have the same mosquito-borne disease?  They don’t, and my stepdaughter-the-entomologist gets out the bug spray and long cottons, heads out to the field, and finds out why.

You don’t know that you know this, and it’s an astoundment and a delight:  if you’re in a tent at night and some animal runs past in the dark, you still know its mass, velocity, volume, and weight distribution.  Jessa says this is called bioacoustics.  Who knew.

The Patter of Little Feet

the_jack_pine_by_tom_thomsonIt is the size of a child, pelting through the forest with great dexterity. Quadrupedal but galloping with synchronized fore and hind steps. My concern is not this gentle, slender creature — whose mass, velocity, volume and weight distribution are crystal clear in my mind — but rather the imagined force or creature that set it running.

In the dead of night, with no other sounds around, this unseen animal passes me just as I am lying in a tent beside my son, listening ferociously as I do for about two hours out of every night I spend camping. Usually I hear nothing but the loons and the lapping lake.  Continue reading

Scientist in the Field: The Mosquitoes of Two Towns

7921286730_c769ecfea4_cI must tell you up front that Kathleen R. Walker, second author on “Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Longevity and Differential Emergence of Dengue Fever in Two Cities in Sonora, Mexico,” published recently in the Journal of Medical Entomology, is my stepdaughter.  She’s an entomologist, she studies bugs; I occasionally have a bug question.  I asked her once about those little tornadoes of gnats you see in the springtime, and she said – as I remember, so don’t hold her accountable – that they were columns of bugs in love and the bugs at the top were the ones having sex the most.  I asked her another time about the translucent aphids she showed me that were being eaten from the inside out by tiny parasitic wasps, and she said, fondly, “The aphids don’t seem to mind.  They’re awfully stupid.”

For a number of years now, she’s been working on mosquitoes and for good reason:  the ones taking over these days, Aedes aegypti, carry not only yellow fever, but also Zika, chikungunya, and the disease Kathleen R. studies, dengue.

Dengue is a virus that causes high fevers and when it’s severe, the kind of hemorrhagic fever that kills people. 100 million people get it every year; since the 1950’s the incidence has gone up by a factor of 30; and it’s spreading.  Since it’s carried by mosquitoes, the places with the most dengue ought to be the places with the most mosquitoes.  But in fact, some places that have the mosquito don’t have dengue.  Continue reading

Pablo, Pablo and me

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I’ve always had mixed feelings about tracking animals with satellite tags. It’s so cool that we can now see where creatures go, sometimes moment-by-moment, but I wonder about losing a bit of the mystery that surrounds some of their lives. (In the animal uprising, privacy issues may be high on their long list of injustices.)

In the meantime, I tried to catch some of the appeal of tracking by following a shark of my own. Continue reading

Redux: Guns on the Brain

This post first ran on May 21, 2013. I wish it would stop being relevant to the news. Gun_shutterstock_126668459

I recently witnessed one of the kindest, gentlest people I know fly into a momentary rage over a parking space. Such transformations used to baffle me, but after writing a Discover story about embodied cognition, I’m starting to understand why normally mild-mannered people can become uncharacteristically aggressive behind the wheel of a large automobile.

The big idea behind embodied cognition is that thoughts and perceptions are not confined to the brain, but extend to the body too. As a result, our bodily states affect how we think and our perceptions are fundamentally shaped by our ability to act.

Get behind the wheel and suddenly the world looks different. You’re protected by a big chunk of metal, and you’re navigating the world with the power of an internal combustion engine. You not only see the world differently, you may behave differently too, as my friend’s moment of road rage demonstrated.

“We think of perception as providing us with this geometrically accurate picture of the world,” says Jessica Witt, a psychologist at Colorado State University. But while we may believe that we see the world as it really is, Witt’s research suggests that our perceptions are guided by what we’re doing with our bodies.

In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance last year, Witt and her colleague James R. Brockmole at the University of Notre Dame performed a series of five experiments that asked college students to look at photos of people holding something and then indicate whether the object was a gun or something neutral like a ball or a shoe. When the participants held a plastic gun, they were about 30 percent more likely to deem the object a gun. Continue reading