Let’s Be Reasonable About Kratom

By: | January 31, 2018

I used to take opioids for pain. Every day. Numerous times a day. I didn’t abuse the drugs; I was prescribed them for legitimate reasons and I used them as directed.

Still, a human body becomes reliant on narcotic drugs like this, and over time it takes more for the same effects. It’s simple physiology. The same pills that can help a person manage pain can also ruin or even end that life.

Meanwhile, the process of getting a prescription for opioids is stressful and sometimes embarrassing: For years I had to pee in a cup regularly so the pain clinic could make sure I was taking, rather than selling, my pills. It was also expensive. Not only did I have to have an office visit at the clinic every two months, complete with co-pay, but one of the meds, before I fulfilled my insurance deductible, cost me $400 a month.

I got tired of the circus and the expense and decided to stop taking the damn things, and so I reduced my intake a little each week. My body fought back and my pain grew worse than I remembered it being before the drugs. I got down to half of my daily dose, but I struggled to go lower. I wasn’t sure I could do it. Plus, I was hurting.

Things have changed drastically since then. Now, I take a half or a single pain pill maybe twice a week—and only when truly needed. It took me about 10 days to get to (basically) zero, something that drug addicts and their doctors and families can’t imagine is possible. I used a completely natural substance, a ground up plant, to get through the withdrawal, and it worked amazingly well. I still take it each day because it eases pain and anxiety, both of which have plagued me for years. Continue reading →

Redux: I Got the Post Puppy Blues

By: | January 30, 2018
My majestic animal

When I first published this post, we had just brought home our adopted pupper Moro. Now, we’ve had her for over two years, and when people come over they compliment how well trained she is. (Sometimes people think she’s a service dog, because we make her carry our groceries in a little backpack, because we are lazy and it tires her out.)  It’s taken many, many hours of training and help from experts to get to this point, but Moro never barks and can run around off leash without a problem now. No more puppy blues for me! But if you got a Christmas puppy, and you’re now realizing oh my god you have a puppy what the hell are you supposed to do with it, this post is for you.

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Anybody who knows me at all, in any context, probably knows that I adopted a dog two weeks ago. It’s all I talk about all the time. Sources know that she might try to get in my lap during an interview. Friends know that they’re invited over any time to see her and teach her how to play nice. My family knows because I already brag about how much better behaved she is than their dogs.

What they probably don’t know is that for a few days in a row last week I came home from running errands and sat on my floor and cried. Continue reading →

Go ahead, call me a quack

By: | January 29, 2018

I have a friend who is a magician. He performs the occasional stage show with card tricks and coins hidden behind the ear. His work is sleight of hand, a flash of movement deceiving the eye. He’d say it’s science. You experiment and find what actually works.

My friend, Angus Stocking, is also a tarot reader with his own small business for clients who have questions about love, money, and other volatile, mysterious indulgences. For him, reading people’s cards is different from stage magic. In one he wows the audience with gentlemanly distraction, and in the other, he believes he is accessing an invisible realm of order and prediction where each card holds symbolic information relevant to the viewer’s life.

Besides reading cards, Angus might have you reach into a bag to dig out a rune stone marked with one of 25 symbols, or colored marbles for the I Ching, a Chinese divination technique dating back 3,000 years.

“Sometimes you need the extra umph of a miracle to listen to what is being said,” Angus tells me.

Angus has a scientific mind. He’s a land surveyor by trade and makes the bulk of his living writing papers for the infrastructure industry, studying and writing about materials and engineering techniques for bridges, manhole covers, sewer drains, and skyscrapers around the world. He reads fortunes on the side.

Does he honestly think it’s real?

“I regularly experience synchronicities or intuitive predictions at a rate that argues against simple chance,” Angus says. “It becomes fatuous to insist there is not a spiritual component.” Continue reading →

The Last Word

By: | January 27, 2018

loose-talk-billboardJanuary 22-26, 2018

Emma has sage advice for ditching your phone, which may be one of many things that’s making you miserable. Give your phone to your children and ask them to hide it. A fun game for the whole family! Tell them they can’t tell you where it is, even if you start to cry or begin to murmur the word “Mueller” over and over in a weird whispery voice.

Michelle interviews author Juli Berwald about her new book, Spineless: The Science of Jellyfish and the Art of Growing a Backbone. “Jellyfish are also an amazing muse, because they live in this fascinating space between angelic and demonic. They’re gorgeous, and yet some of them are lethal. “

Erik revisits a post about one of his favorite placebo experiments, the one by Fields and Levine.  They get mentioned so much in the small world of placebo research that I started to think of them as some kind of mythical creature – the Fieldsnlevine. Just a little smaller than the Watsonncrick. It never occurred to me that they might be real people who put their pants on every day and occasionally pick up phones.

Cassie reduxes a post about a woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia who struggles to afford the drug that helps her survive. I could end the story here. . , A tale about a new drug fixing a dread disease makes for a snappy headline. The story is optimistic. It’s clear cut. But Elliott’s story doesn’t end with a prescription. That’s where it begins.

Rebecca ends the week in the company of curious tourists visiting old nuclear relics—but, she says, nuclear weapons aren’t retro anymore. Inside this huge wall of rods, neutrons split apart atoms in a controlled chain reaction, ultimately producing the fuel that powered the bomb we dropped on Nagasaki. One woman described it as looking like a giant wine rack.

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Image: A billboard at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation. US Department of Energy archives

 

 

Pilgrims At the Factory That Could Destroy the World

By: | January 26, 2018

women-workers-walking

On the first Monday of the month, at 11 a.m. sharp, my community fires up the tornado sirens. Their wailing echoes down the streets, screams among the trees, bounces off the granite side of the church on the corner, and annoys the hell out of my dog. After about 45 seconds — that is a long time, considering how loud it is — a recorded voice starts speaking.

This. Has. Been. A. Test.

The person who made the recording spoke at a glacial pace, ensuring the words are spaced far enough apart to accommodate two housetop reverbs. I’ve counted.

Continue reading →

Redux: A Disease, A Miracle Drug, and a Tale of Uncertain Survival

By: | January 25, 2018

Five years ago I wrote a post about Pat Elliott, a woman with chronic leukemia. She was trying to figure out how to pay for her medication. At the time, Gleevec cost about $5,000 a month. A generic version of Gleevec went on the market in 2016, but it still costs more than $4,000 a month. In Canada, however, a month’s supply of generic Gleevec costs less than $800 a month. President Trump has accused the pharmaceutical industry of “getting away with murder.” But yesterday the Senate confirmed Alex Azar, Trump’s pick to run Health and Human Services. Azar served as president of Eli Lilly USA. The price of their insulin tripled under his tenure. 

Phoenix is scorching in the summer, and Pat Elliott had been standing for hours. So she wasn’t alarmed one August day in 2009 to find her feet swollen. “It must be the weather,” Elliott thought. But they also ached. The pain was horrendous. So she called her doctor, and he told her to come in. Reluctantly she went.

Several blood tests and a bone marrow biopsy later, Elliott learned she had a type of blood cancer called chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Her white cell count was sky high, her spleen was swollen, and her kidneys were failing.

All cancer is the result of genetic abnormalities. In the case of CML, the problem is a genetic swap. The tip of chromosome 22 breaks off and attaches itself to chromosome 9, and a chunk of 9 fuses with 22. This swap results in the formation of a new gene, a chimera called BCR-ABL. The gene codes for an enzyme that drives cells to incessantly divide.

Two decades ago, the best treatment for CML was a bone marrow transplant, a dangerous procedure with only limited success. Back then just 30% of patients diagnosed with CML could expect to live five years. In 2001, however, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a new drug, Gleevec. The medicine disables the defective Bcr-Abl enzyme, halting the rampant cell division. Today, the five-year survival of CML patients taking Gleevec is 89%.

In his masterful cancer tome Emperor of All Maladies, Siddhartha Mukherjee recalls seeing the astounding effects of Gleevec for the first time: When he looked at the patient’s blood smear, he could find no evidence of the immature blast cells that characterize the disease. The cells were completely normal. “It was hard to reconcile this field of blood cells in front of my eyes with the diagnosis; not a single leukemic blast was to be seen,” he writes. “If this man had CML, he was in a remission so deep that the disease had virtually vanished from sight.” Continue reading →

Redux: The Really Big, Astounding Experiment That Changed Everything But Kinda Happened By Accident

By: | January 24, 2018

I published this story at the beginning of 2017, ostensibly as a way to promote my book. But I keep coming back to read it because the study is just so astounding. It’s one of those wonderful moments in science where the tiniest tweak unlocks a whole new world. If you read science magazines – and certainly if you read this blog – you know by now that lots of people are talking about placebos these days. They are real, they are scientifically important, they are distracting, they are good, they have something to do with chakras, they are bad, they are the next big thing, they are a bunch of BS.

In my recent book, Suggestible You, I spend a fair amount of time talking about them and meeting with the luminaries of an emerging field within psychology and neuroscience that focuses almost totally on placebos and the expectations that create them. And yes, they are all of those things and more.

Over the past five (oh, who am I kidding – ten) years working on this project, I’ve tried to draw together a number of themes that all the scientists studying placebos have in common – belief, expectation, pain relief, and the power of subconscious cues. But there’s one thing that ties almost all the modern furor over placebos that I totally missed: Fields and Levine.

Howard Fields and Jon Levine were a couple scientists who, back in the 1970s, showed that the placebo effect for pain was triggered by a flood of internal opioids, similar to the endorphins that give us a runners high, among many other pleasurable experiences.

Almost every scientist I talked to who studies placebos mentioned their seminal 1978 paper. They get mentioned so much in the small world of placebo research that I started to think of them as some kind of mythical creature – the Fieldsnlevine. Just a little smaller than the Watsonncrick. It never occurred to me that they might be real people who put their pants on every day and occasionally pick up phones. Continue reading →

Juli Berwald on the Art of Growing a Backbone

By: | January 23, 2018

The lovely and absorbing new book Spineless: The Science of Jellyfish and the Art of Growing a Backbone, began when author Juli Berwald, a marine scientist turned technical writer, was factchecking an article about ocean acidification for National Geographic. She was asked to confirm a seemingly simple claim, made in a graphic, that jellyfish would be among the “winners” in an acidifying ocean. Berwald found herself in a sea of intriguing unknowns, and she eventually embarked on a years-long jellyfish odyssey that took her to Japan, Israel, and elsewhere.

This past weekend, her book tour brought her to Powells Books in Portland, Oregon, where we had a chance to talk about what she’s learned about jellyfish—and how much remains unknown. Continue reading →